Diuretic: A drug that increases urine flow. In general, diuretic agents
act at the nephron to change the reabsorption of water. Many of the diuretics
function by increasing sodium excretion at specific sites in the nephron. These
drugs can have important actions on both Na+ and K+ excretion and retention. The
clinically important diuretics include: loop diuretics (furosemide, buetanide,
ethacrynic acid), thiazides (hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone) and K+ sparing
diuretics (amiloride, triamterene, spironolactone). Understanding, renal physiology
is critical to appreciating the diverse mechanisms of action of the diuretics.